Objective
To quantify bone mineral density (BMD) in the medial coronoid process (MCP) of dogs with and without fragmented medial coronoid processes (FMCPs) by use of dual- energy x-ray absorptiometry.
Animals
50 osteochondral samples from 31 dogs that underwent subtotal coronoid ostectomy for unilateral or bilateral FMCP and 10 control osteochondral samples of the MCP collected from forelimbs of 5 cadaveric Greyhounds.
Methods
Each sample was mounted in proximodistal and mediolateral orientations for BMD determinations via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and area-of-interest data (0.03-cm2 increments) were obtained. Values of BMD were compared between left and right limb control samples, between control and FMCP samples, and between axial and abaxial re- gions of the control or FMCP samples.
Results
The BMD in control and FMCP samples in both proximodistal and mediolateral orientations differed significantly. Mean BMD throughout the MCP was decreased in FMCP samples, compared with control sample findings. In both control and FMCP samples, BMD of the abaxial half of the MCP was 50% higher than that of the axial portion.
Conclusion
The similar pattern of BMD in osteochondral samples of the MCP in dogs with and without FMCP indicated that the MCP was eccentrically loaded during weight bearing. Topographic variation in BMD in the MCP, and hence tolerance to compressive loading, suggested that the abaxial portion of the MCP in dogs was more resistant to compressive load than was the axial edge.
Clinical relevance
This difference may predispose the coronoid process to microcrack formation and fragmentation at that juxtaposition.
